What is "underlying pigment" in hair color?

Underlying pigment refers to the natural color that is revealed when hair is lightened. When hair is bleached or lightened, it removes the artificial color or natural melanin present in the hair but does not eliminate the pigments that are deeper within the hair structure. These pigments, which are usually warmer shades like golds, reds, or yellows, manifest as the hair is lifted, creating a distinctive hue that can influence the final color outcome. Understanding underlying pigments is crucial for hair colorists, as it helps in predicting how the hair will react to coloring processes and ensures the desired shade is achieved, especially when lightening hair.